I gihe kirageze kugirango buri munyarwanda wese aharanire amahoro, ubumwe n’ejo hazaza heza, twirinde amacakubiri kugira ngo tubashe kubaka u Rwanda rubereye buri wese. Ibyo kandi n’inshingano ya buri munyarwanda ukunda i gihu cye.

u rwandaUrwanda n’igihugu gifite amateka  akomeye n’umuco ukiranga nk’uko ibindi bihugu bigira imico yabyo ibiranga.  Abanyarwanda cyane cyane urubyiruko rugomba kumenya  amateka nyakuri y’i gihugu cyarwo kugirango babashe  ku bungabunga ibyiza by’u Rwanda no gukunda umuco mwiza ubaranga nk’abana b’u Rwanda. Iyo witegereje usanga benshi badafite abantu bakuru bakiriho babagezaho amateka nyakuli  ngo basobanukirwe uko u Rwanda rwabayeho mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu baza gukoroniza Africa, uko abo bakoloni babanye n’abanyarwanda n’uburyo bitwaye kugeza mu gihe cya independansi ndetse n’ibyo baba barasize bangije ku mateka n’umuco w’i gihugu cyacu, maze bikaba byaragize ingaruka zikomeye mu mibereho y’umunyarwanda kuva nyuma ya indepandensi kugeza ubu. Ntabwo twakwirengagiza ko abo bazungu bakoreraga inyugu zabo, ibyo bigatuma bakora uko bashoboye ngo bashakishe ibyateranya abanyarwanda no kubazanamo imyiryane n’amacakubiri bakoreshe amako. (Divide and rule).

Muri make mbere y’umwaduko w’abazungu, abanyarwanda bari  babanye neza, bafite umuco n’amateka bibaranga, bafashanya kandi bakundana nk’abavandimwe. Aho abazungu baziye mu gikorwa cy’ubukoloni nk’uko babigenje hirya no hino muri Africa, bageze no mu Rwanda. Icyo gihe u Rwanda rwayoborwaga n’ubwami bwahozeho kuva kera mbere y’uko ubwami bw’ababiligi bubaho. Abadage nibo bageze mu Rwanda mbere  mu mwaka 1914[1], maze basimburwa n’ababiligi bahageze  muri  1919[2]. Birumvikana iyo umuntu aje mu gihugu cyawe agambiriye kugutegeka ibyo yishakiye hari ibyo mwumvikanaho ubona ko bifite akamaro n’ibindi mutumvikanaho. Umwami Musinga wariho icyo gihe niko byamugendekeye, yagerageje kwereka abazungu ko batagomba guhindura ibintu byose uko babyumva maze bimuviramo kwirukanwa mu gihugu cye kuri 14/11/1931, icirwa ishyanga, arinaho yaje kugwa muri Congo.

Icyo gihe bamusimbuje umuhungu we Mutara Rudahingwa wayoboye U Rwanda kugera muri 1959,  yagerageje korohera ababiligi bayoboraga  u Rwanda muri icyo gihe nk’indagizo ya ONU, yibwiraga ko azashobora kumvikana nabo hagashyirwaho Ubwami bugendera kw’Itegekonshinga nk’uko iwabo mu Bubiligi byari bimeze dore ko yari yarasuye igihugu cyabo akabonana n’umwami w’u Bubiligi.

Muri  icyo gihe cy’ubutegetsi bwe, Umwami Rudahingwa yagerageje guhindura byinshi, aha twavuga nka  decret  yo kuwa 14/07/ 1952, aho yakuyeho ikiboko, ubuhake n’imirimo yagahato ku baturage. Yasabye ko ba chefs ndetse n’aba sous chefs bakwemera gusezera ku milimo yabo bose maze hagakorwa amatora, abaturage bakihitiramo abayobozi ubwabo. Atangira no gutegura uburyo u Rwanda rwazabona ubwigenge. Ababiligi  bayoboraga  u Rwanda icyo gihe babonye Umwami Rudahingwa arimo gushyira i gihugu ku murongo mwiza kandi bo bafite gahunda yo gukuraho ubwami ba kabusimbuza republika, bamwiciye i Bujumbura kw’italiki ya 25 juillet 1959[3].  umurambo wazannywe  i Nyanza kugirango ashyingurwe mu cyubahiro. Kubera ko mu muco nyarwanda  igihugu kitarara nze, bivuga ko igihugu kitarara kidafite umwami iyo uwari uriho atanze, ashyingurwa  hamaze gutangazwa umusimbura,  aho niho abiru batangaje Umwami Kigeri V Ndahindurwa  ko ariwe umusimbura, Nyuma y’amezi biri arahirira kuba Umwami ugendera ku

 

ku itegeko Nshinga.

Umwami Kigeli V yakomeje gahunda nziza Rudahingwa yari yaratangiye azeseranya abanyarwanda kuzakomeza inzira ya Democratie no kwishyira ukizana kwa buri munyarwanda no kubahiriza uburenganzira bw’ikiremwamuntu.

Ababiligi  bo bakomeje gahunda  yo gukuraho ubwami bw’abanyarwanda mu buryo budasobanutse maze bateranya amoko, bashoza imvururu mu gihugu hose, abantu batangira kwicana, kumeneshwa, no gutwika amazu ya bavandimwe babo basangiraga akabisi n’agahiye.

Umwami Kigeli V yagerageje guhosha imvurura , ababiligi bamushyiraho amananiza, bahindagura abayobozi kuburyo butumvikanweho n’Umwami nta n’amatora cyangwa guha abaturage uruhare rwo kwishyiriraho abayobozi bihitiyemo. Ibyo Colonel logiest abyemeza mu gitabo cye aho avuga ko  yaje muri mission, ko atagomba kuvuguruzwa (reba igitabo ke)[4]. Ibyakurikiyeho byose  nko  guhindura amategeko n’inzego, guhindura abayobozi,byose byakozwe mu murongo w’ababirigi bagamije guhirika ubwami.

Umwami Kigeli V abibonye atyo kandi afite mu shingano ze kurengera abanyarwanda, byongeyeho ko nta ngufu za gisilikare yarafite zo guhangana n’ababiligi bo bari bafite ingabo, yiyemeje kubimenyesha abayobozi bakuru b’Ababiligi bari i Bujumbura ( Gouverneur General Harroy) anamusaba ko yajya kubonana na Secrétaire General Dag Hammasholst wa ONU wari m’urugendo i Kinshasa –Congo kugirango amuhe rapport y’ibitagenda neza mu Rwanda  kuko ONU  ariyo yarikuriye Ababiligi mu mitegekere. Mu gihe Umwami yari muri izo ngendo zo gushakira umuti w’ibibazo byariho icyo gihe; nibwo Abibiligi bayoboraga u Rwanda bagendaga barushaho gufata ibyemezo bigonganisha abanyarwanda, banatangaza kuri radio ko Umwami atemerewe kuzagaruka mu Rwanda. Nyuma  Nibwo Umwami yatumirwaga muri ONU gusobanura ibibazo byaberaga mu Rwanda, maze hakorwa ( résolution  za ONU 1580,1579 zo kuwa 20/12/1960) zisabako ko Umwami yasubira mu gihugu cye hakaba amatora nawe ahari. Ibi byose Ababiligi barabyirengagije ahubwo bakomeza umugambi wabo.

Umwami Kigeli V yagerageje kusubira mu Rwanda kuri 24 /09/1961 ngo yubahirize ibyo ONU yari yafashe ho umwanzuro maze ababiligi baramufunga, bamushyira mu ndege kungufu bamujyana i Burundi, nyuma ahungira muri Tanzania. Kuva icyo gihe bemeza ko Umwami aciwe mu rwanda ndetse ko n’Ubwami buvuyeho.

Ibyakurikiyeho nyuma n’uko abanyarwanda bakomeje kumarana, intambara n’ubwicanyi birakomeza kuva 1959-1973-1994, bitewe n’umurage mubi Ababiligi bari bamaze gushyira mu gihugu cyacu wo gushyamiranya amako ya Bahutu na Batutsi kandi mu by’ukuri mbere barabanaga neza nk’abavandimwe.

Aho igihe kigeze, umunyarwanda wese yagombye gutekereza uburyo twagarura ubumwe mu bana b’u rwanda bafite inyota y’amahoro, bakeneye uwabahumuriza, akababanisha neza kandi bifuza ubutegetsi bwa rengera buri muntu wese ntakuvangura.

Abagerageza kwandika no kwigisha amateka bakura mu bitabo cyangwa abinyamakuru, bagomba kwirinda inyandiko zashyamiranya abanyarwanda cyangwa zibayobya nk’iziherutse kwandikwa mu kinyamakuru cyo kuri internet kitwa Ikaze iwacu yo ku italiki ya 05 Ukwakira 2013.ndetse n’ikitwa Inuma news cyo ku italiki 06 ukwakira 2013.

Iki ngenzi n’uko abanyarwanda benshi bazi gusesengura, babona mu kuri ko igikenewe kandi cyangobwa nyuma y’amarorerwa n’ingorane igihugu cyacu cyahuye nazo , tugomba gushyira imbere icyahuza abana b’u rwanda aho gukomeza kubatatanya no kubashyamiranya. Urubyiruko rukeneye ejo hazaza heza kandi rufite amahirwe yo kumenya amateka nyakuri mu gihe  rwakwegera abantu bakuze bakiriho.

Ntitwarangiza iyi nyandiko tutagiriye inama abanyamakuru bandika mu binyamakuru

byaba i bya internet, radio n’ibindi, gushishoza no kureba ko inyandiko n’inkuru zabo zifasha abanyarwanda mu kwiyubaka, kwiyunga no kunga ubumwe. Ntitwakwirengagiza ko ibinyamakuru n’abanyamakuru bafite uruhare runini mu gufasha Abanyarwanda kugera k’ubumwe n’amahoro nyayo yazatuma babana neza mu igihugu  cyabo.

 

Murakoze!


[1] Reba inyandiko ya Augustin Nsengimana kuri  www.soufle-et-chemins.fr

2. Reba treaty of versailles

 

[4] Reba igitabo cya Rogiest : Mission  au Rwanda