Muri 2002 nibwo kiriya kirunga gifatwa nk’igiteje akaga kurusha ibindi ku isi giheruka kuruka. Icyo gihe cyasenye 20% by’umujyi wa Goma, amahindure yacyo yica abantu 250 abandi benshi bahunga baza mu Rwanda. Igiteye impungenge abahanga mu by’ibirunga ni uko amahindure yacyo ari kuzamuka agana ku munwa wacyo mu buryo bwihuse, bikiyongeraho ko abatuye Goma  biyongereyeho miliyoni1.5.

Amahindure ava muri Nyiragongo aba yuzuyemo ikinyabutabire gitwika cyane kitwa
alkali

Umuhanga mu by’ibirunga(volcanologist) witwa Dario Tedesco wo muri Kaminuza ya Campania ahurutse kujyanayo n’itsinda ry’abandi bashakashatsi kugira ngo barebe niba urusukume rw’amahindure yo muri Nyiragongo rwariyongereye cyangwa rwaragabanutse.

Basanze rwariyongereye ku kigero cyo hejuru ku buryo ruzarenga umunwa w’iki kirunga mu myaka ine iri imbere.

Bavuga ko n’ubwo ibipimo bafashe byerekana ko bizafata imyaka ine kugira ngo urusukume rw’amahindure(lava) rwo muri Nyiragongo rurenge umunwa wayo rusesekare mu batuye Goma, haramutse habaye umutingito mu gace iherereyemo, ruriya rusukume rwazamuka mbere ya kiriya gihe.

Ikindi uriya muhanga avuga gihangayikishije ni uko ikigo gishinzwe gucunga ibirunga mu Karere k’Ibiyaga bigari kitwa Goma Volcano Observatory (GVO) kitagikora neza kubera ko amafaranga cyagenerwaga na Banki y’isi yahagaze.

Ati: “ Birababaje kuba Banki y’Isi yarahagaritse iriya nkunga kandi kudakurikiranira hafi imikorere ya kiriya kirunga bizatuma abagituriye batamenyeshwa hakiri kare imikorere yacyo kugira ngo bagihunge. Erega nicyo kirunga giteye ubwoba kurusha ibindi ku isi.”

Tedesco ni we muhanga mu by’ibirunga watangiye gucungira Nyiragongo hafi guhera mu myaka ya 1990.

Ni mbere na nyuma gato ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda ubwo abantu benshi bahungiraga muri Zaïre ya kiriya gihe.

Amakuru yatangaga muri kiriya gihe niyo yafashije abategetsi kuburira abantu ko Nyiragongo ifite umugambi wo kuruka, abumviye uwo muburo bararokotse!

Muri 2002 Nyiragongo yarutse ibitewe n’uko habaye umutingito ugasatura ibice bimwe by’imbavu zayo.

Hasadutse igice cyo mu rubavu rwo mu Majyepfo yayo, urusukume rumanuka rugana i Goma.

Muri 2002 Nyiragongo yararutse amahindure yayo asenya 20% by’umujyi wa Goma

Impamvu ituma Nyaragongo iba ikirunga kibi kurusha ibindi ku isi ni uko ari yo ifite kiyaga cy’amahindure gifite umurambararo muremure kurusha ibindi.

Uyu murambararo ureshya na metero 200. Ubwo amahindure yacyo yatombokaga kubera umutingito, yazamutse afite umuvuduko wa kilometero 60 ku isaha!

Aya mahundure yageze i Goma asenya byinshi nyuma amaze kuma akora ikirundo cya metero ebyiri z’ubujyejuru.

Ayagannye mu Kiyaga cya Kivu yakoze ikirundo cya metero 800 hafi neza neza n’amazi ya kiriya kiyaga. Abahanga twavuze haruguru muri 2016 babonye ko amahindure ya Nyaragongo akomeje kwiyongera.

Muri Gashyantare, 2016 Tedesco na bagenzi be bafashe indege y’ingabo za UN ibajyana muri kariya gace bapimye basanga amahindure ya Nyiragongo ari kwiyongera vuba kurusha ikindi gihe cyose.

Basanze buri sogonda yiyongeraho metero kibe enye.

Pierre-Yves Burgi wo muri Kaminuza ya Geneva avuga ko impamvu ituma ariya mahindure yiyongera cyane ari uko ubushyuhe bwo mu nda ya kiriya kirunga na bwo budasiba kwiyongera.

Yabigereranyije n’uko bigenda iyo ikinyabutabira kitwa mercure kikwedura cyane gihuye n’ubushyuhe bwinshi. Mercure ni yo iba mu kuma abaganga bapimishaga umuriro abarwayi kitwa Thermometer.

Mu nyandiko yasohoye mu kinyamakuru Geophysical Research Letters yavuze ko ibya Nyiragongo biteye impungenge kandi ko iramutse ihuye n’umutingito yakora amahano kurusha uko byagenze muri 2002.

Ingabo za UN ziri muri kariya gace na zo zihangayikishijwe n’uko ibikoresho byo gucungira hafi Nyiragongo byangijwe n’imitwe y’abarwanyi ikorera muri kariya gace kandi amafaranga yo kubisana yatangwaga na Banki y’isi akaba yarahagaze.

Wa muhanga witwa Tedesco avuga ko ‘ibintu nibikomeza kuriya, akaga gakomeye kazaba kugarije abaturiye Nyiragongo’.

Jean Pierre NIZEYIMANA
UMUSEKE.RW