Nyuma y’imyaka 26 ashakishwa ngo aryozwe ibyaha ashinjwa bifitanye isano na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Kabuga Félicien ufatwa nk’umuterankunga wa Jenoside, yafatiwe mu Bufaransa ku myaka 84.

Ni umugabo wamenyekanye nk’umunyemari ukomeye, wihishe mu bihugu byinshi ariko ntafatwe, kugeza ubwo bamwe babihuzaga n’uko bamugeraho agahita abura, nyamara ari ukubera ruswa yagendaga atanga bityo abakamufashe bakamurigisa.

Umushinjacyaha Mukuru w’Urwego rwasimbuye inkiko mpuzamahanga zashyiriweho u Rwanda na Yugoslavia (IRMCT), Serge Brammertz, yahishuye ko ifatwa rya Kabuga ryagendeye ku makuru y’ibihugu n’inzego zitandukanye. Birimo u Rwanda, u Bubiligi, u Bwongereza, u Budage, u Buholandi, Autriche, Luxembourg, u Busuwisi, Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, EUROPOL na INTERPOL.

Uko Kabuga yafashwe

Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Bufaransa bwatangaje ko kuri uyu wa Gatandatu mu museso ahagana 6h30, ari bwo habaye ‘opération’ yo gufata Kabuga hagendewe ku makuru yari amaze gukusanywa, hasakwa inyubako iherereye mu mujyi wa Paris, n’ahandi hantu mu nkengero zayo, bigizwemo uruhare n’abajandarume bo mu biro bishinzwe kurwanya ibyaha byibasiye inyokomuntu (OCLCH), n’imitwe ya Gendarmerie d’Île-de-France (RGIF) na Garde républicaine.

Ni ‘opération’ yagenderaga ku mabwiriza yatanzwe n’Ubushinjacyaha bukuru, maze Kabuga w’imyaka 84 aza gufatwa, nyuma y’imyaka 26 ashakishwa.

Itangazo ryasohowe rigira riti “Yabagaho ku myirondoro itari iye, mu nyubako iri ahitwa Asnieres-sur-Seine, mu buryo bwateguwe neza afatanyije n’abana be.”

Kabuga yashakishwaga ku busabe bwa IRMCT ndetse yanashakishwaga na Interpol. Yafashwe nyuma y’igihe kirekire akorwaho iperereza n’inzego zirimo OCLCH, Ubushinjacyaha bwa IRMCT, ku bufatanye na Polisi y’u Bubiligi na Polisi ya Londres.

Kabuga afatwa nk’uwagize uruhare runini mu gutera inkunga umugambi wa Jenoside, anatanga umusanzu mu gushinga radio RTLM yabibaga urwango.

Ubwo RTLM yashingwaga, Kabuga yatanzemo 500 000 Frw ndetse ikimara gutangizwa, ni we wabazwaga imikorere yayo ya buri munsi nka Perezida wayo, Ferdinand Nahimana aba Umuyobozi wayo (Directeur), Jean Bosco Barayagwiza aba umuyobozi wungirije (Directeur adjoint). Abo nabo bahamijwe ibyaha bya Jenoside.

Kabuga yanyuze henshi yihishahisha

Ubwo Ingabo zari iza FPR Inkotanyi zahagarikaga Jenoside abayikoraga bagakwira imishwaro, uretse rubanda rwo hasi n’abari abategetsi bakomeye bahunze banyuze mu mayira atandukanye, nyuma bamwe baza gufatwa ariko hari n’abagishakishwa.

Mu bikorwa byo kubahiga bukware hari bimwe bikomeye birimo nka ‘Opération NAKI’ yakozwe i Nairobi muri Nyakanga 1997, yafatiwemo abahamijwe uruhare muri Jenoside barimo Jean Kambanda wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe, Pauline Nyiramasuhuko wari Minisitiri w’Umuryango n’uwitiranyijwe n’umuhungu we Arsène Shalom Ntahobari, umunyamakuru Hassan Ngeze, Col Gratien Kabiligi, Aloys Ntabakuze na Sylvain Nsabimana wabaye perefe wa Butare.

Opération NAKI yakozwe hagamijwe guta muri yombi abakomeye bakoze Jenoside bagahungira igihugu muri Kenya, yateguwe hagendewe ku makuru arimo ayatanzwe na Niyitegeka Dieudonne na Pheneas Ruhumuriza babaga muri Kenya, babaye abayobozi b’Interahamwe.

Ubwo yategurwaga, abashinjacyaha ba ICTR begereye ubuyobozi bwa Kenya babasaba ubufasha mu guta muri yombi abashakishwaga, ariko ntibahita bababwira amazina yabo.

Guverinoma ya Kenya yari iyobowe na Perezida Daniel Arap Moi ngo bwarabemereye ariko ibaha ibwirizwa rimwe, nk’uko byagarutsweho na Louise Arbour wabaye Umushinjacyaha Mukuru w’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR) n’urwashyiriweho Yougoslavie (ICTY).

Kugira ngo iyi opération irusheho kuba ibanga, abagenzacyaha ba ICTR ntibahise babwira bagenzi babo ba Kenya amakuru yose ajyanye n’uyu mukwabu udasanzwe.

Mu gitondo kare cyo ku wa 17 Nyakanga 1997, Gilbert Morisette, Luc Côté na bamwe mu bashinjacyaha bagera kuri 20 bahuriye kuri Polisi ya Kenya, baganira ku ikarita igaragaza aho abantu bashaka guta muri yombi baherereye.

Bigabanyijemo amatsinda, maze saa kumi n’imwe za mu gitondo buri tsinda rishyikirizwa ibahasha ifunze, irimo amazina y’uwo bagomba gufata, ifoto ye, imiterere y’inzu arimo n’andi makuru yari akenewe ku bagombaga gufatwa, bemeranya ko biba byamaze gukorwa mbere y’uko izuba rirasa.

Igihe umugenzacyaha yagaragazaga ugushidikanyaga ku wo bagomba gufata, Morissette yifashishaga umwe mu Banyarwanda baza guhamya neza ko uwo bafashe ari we bashaka.

Mu museso wa kare Polisi ya Kenya yari imaze guta muri yombi abantu barindwi barimo Jean Kambanda wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe na Pauline Nyiramasuhuko wabaye Minisitiri w’umuryango, ari nawe mugore rukumbi waciriwe urubanza na ICTR.

Nyamara bageze kwa Kabuga Félicien basanga inzu irera kandi amakuru y’ibanze yarerekanaga ko agomba kuba ahari.

Ubwo Opération NAKI yakorwaga, Félicien Kabuga ufatwa nk’umwe mu baterankunga ba Jenoside yabanyuze mu myanya y’intoki, binugwanugwa ko hari uwamuhaye amakuru ko agiye gufatwa agahita anyerera.

Muri Kamena 1994 nibwo Kabuga yerekeje mu Busuwisi asaba ubuhungiro, ariko aza kwirukanwa muri icyo gihugu, ahita yerekeza muri Kenya. Nk’umuntu ufite ubutunzi, Kabuga yakomeje kwihishahisha ndetse anigura akoresheje amafaranga ye agatanga ruswa, ari nako akoresha pasiporo mpimbano. Yanyuze mu bihugu birimo u Budage, u Bubiligi, Congo – Kinshasa n’u Bufaransa, ku buryo mu bihugu byose yanyuze, mu makuru amaze iminsi akusanywa, yahurijwe hamwe birangira afatiwe mu Bufaransa.

Hakomeje kwibazwa uko yatorotse Opération NAKI kandi ahantu yari aherereye hazwi, ariko bahagera bagasanga adahari.

Abagenzacyaha ba ICTR baje kubona amakuru ko hari umwe mu bashinzwe umutekano ba Kenya wamuburiye, amusaba kuva mu nzu ye byihuse mbere y’uko bayigeraho.

Morissette wari witwararitse cyane kugira ngo hatagira amakuru na make ajya hanze ku bagombaga gufatwa, nawe yavuze ko atumva uburyo Kabuga yacitse kandi yari yagerageje kuryama ku makuru y’abantu bagiye gutabwa muri yombi.

Ngo bishoboka ko amakuru yanyuze kuri umwe mu bayobozi bakuru mu nzego z’umutekano za Kenya, akabimumenyesha mbere y’umunsi umwe ko hari umukwabu ukomeye ugiye gukorwa.

Na nyuma ya Opération NAKI hagiye habaho uburyo bwashobora gusiga Kabuga afashwe. Muri Mata 1998, abagenzacyaha b’uru rukiko bamenye ko yihishe muri Nairobi, harimo inyubako zimwe zari iza mwishywa wa Perezida Daniel arap Moi.

Byaje no kuvugwa ko Kabuga yagiye agaragara mu ruhame harimo muri Aziya mu 1998 n’igihe yari ku rugendo anyuze mu Bubiligi mu mwaka wa 2000.

Uwari Umushinjacyaha Mukuru wa ICTR Carla Del Ponte yumvishije ibihugu bitandukanye by’i Burayi gufatira miliyoni $2.5 yari kuri konti za Kabuga ngo barebe ko yagaragara biranga, ndetse mu 2002 Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zemeye gutanga miliyoni 5$ ku muntu uzatanga amakuru yatuma afatwa, ariko kugeza ubu ntibirashoboka.

Ahubwo mu 2002 hari abantu babiri babwiye ambasade ya Amerika i Nairobi ko bamenye aho Kabuga aherereye, FBI n’izindi nzego zitegura kumufata ariko ntibamubona. Nyuma haje kuboneka imirambo ya ba bagabo bishwe.

Inyungu za politiki n’ibikorwa bya ruswa byakunze gushyirwa imbere mu bikekwa ko byagiye bituma Kabuga adafatwa guhera mu 1994 Jenoside irangiye, afatwa nyuma y’imyaka 26.

Ubushinjacyaha ntibwatakaje icyizere

Nubwo imigambi yo gufata Kabuga yapfubye kenshi, ntabwo abashinjacyaha bigeze bakurayo amaso, kuko akenshi byacaga amarenga nk’abafite amakuru, ariko icyabuze ari ukumufata.

Mu 2007 byavuzwe ko yanyuze mu rihumye Abapolisi b’i Frankfurt mu Budage, icyo gihe ngo bakomanze ku muryango w’inzu basangamo Augustin Ngirabatware wari Minisitiri w’Igenamigambi mu gihe cya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, na we washakishwaga n’Urukiko rwa Arusha.

Ubwo yari mu Rwanda mu 2017, Serge Brammertz, yavuze ko kuba Kabuga adafatwa atari intege nke z’abamushaka.

Ati “Kuba Kabuga cyangwa Mpiranya batarafatwa nakumenyesha ko bari ku rutonde mbere na mbere, nabo urukiko uyu mugabo ayoboye rubashakisha. Ariko ingufu bashyize mu gukora Jenoside ni na zo ngufu bashyira mu kwihisha, biranashoboka ko bashobora kugira abantu babarinda simbizi, ariko ntekereza ko niba bakiriho, hagomba kuba hari umuntu uvuga ati ‘ntusohoke, ntuvugire kuri telefoni…”

Muri Nyakanga umwaka ushize, Brammertz yatangaje ko urwego ahagarariye rufite amakuru yizewe yerekeye aho ba ruharwa umunani barimo Kabuga Félicien, bakurikiranyweho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bihishahisha.

Ubwo yari imbere y’Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe Umutekano, gusa uyu mushinjacyaha wirinze gutangaza amazina y’ibihugu bihishemo n’ibibangamira ifatwa ryabo, yagize ati “Hari imbogamizi nyinshi mu mikoranire y’ibihugu zigira ingaruka ku rwego rwacu kugira ngo bafatwe.”

Kabuga yafatiwe mu Bufaransa ku myaka 84

Source: igihe.com