Abanyarwanda mukunda kumva ubusesenguzi bwa politike ku mardio no ku mbuga nkoranyambaga mukomere kandi  mukomeze kugira iminsi mikuru myiza ya Noheli n’umwaka musha.
Muri iyi minsi hari ibiganiro byinshi byahise bimwe bishimagiza ibitero byabaye ku Rwanda, ibindi bivuga ku mikorere mibi y’ubutegetsi buriho ubu mu Rwanda.
Ikintu cyahurijweho na benshi ni imyifatire mibi y’ubutegetsi bw’uRwanda, imyifatire ishingiye kutubahiliza umutekano mu banyarwanda no mu baturanyi. Ibi byahurijweho n’abantu b’ingeri zose, baba abo mu bwoko butandukanye cyangwa mu turere dutandukanye tw’uRwanda.
Ndashaka kugaruka ku kiganiro Noble Marara yatanze avuga ibijanye n’ihagarikwa ry’ubushakashatsi bwakorwaga ku indege yaguyemo perezida Habyalimana, yanavuze ku mitwe yagisirikare irwanya ubutegetsi bwa Kigali.
Muri rusange ibintu byose Noble Marara yavuze nibyo nubwo yakoresheje amagambo bamwe batashatse kumva bitewe nuko ahanini abanyarwanda bagenderaho kumarangamutima, yakoresheje ijambo” inka bakoraga mu ibumba”,  bakoreshaga ibumba babumba ibintu bimeze nk’inka noneho bakazirwanisha. Ikiri inyuma aha ni ukurwana ariko udafite umumaro munini, mbese ni nko kwishimisha, gusa iyo urebye ibyo abanyarwanda bakora, harimo abarabifata nk’igitutsi, ubona ari nko kwishimisha, akenshi ubona abahagarariye amashaka ntacyo bitayeho mu mivugire yabo yo gukundisha amashaka yabo abanyarwanda n’abanyamahanga.
Nizo mpamvu niyo FPR yikoreye ibikorwa bigayitse usanga batabyitabira cyane babyamagana, nkejo bundi muri nyungwe abantu bicwa imodoka zigatwikwa, kuko nta coordination, ntacyo babivuzeho, hamaze iminsi ine nta nyandiko irasohoka, ndetse niyasohotse yaje iri mu kinyarwanda, nkaho tubyira abanyarwanda gusa, ejo bundi FDLR iteye, ku ma radiyo amwe babifashe nk’ibikino bavuga ngo imbunda za FDLR zarwaye ingese ntibashobora gutera.
Abo bose bavuga gutyo  baba berekana ko nyine batishimiye ibikorwa biriho ndetse bikanerekana ko bageze no mu gihugu barwana, nkuko Noble Marara yashatse kubisobanura, abantu bagomba kumva ijambo riri mu ingingo. None se Noble Marara avuge ko bazumvikana kandi abona imivugire iriho ubu hanze?
Muri icyo kiganiro nta nubwo byagize icyo bibwira umunyamakuru,  mu gihe umutumirwa yafashe icyo gitero nk’urwenya, mumbabalire abansoma, kuko mvuze ko opposition itaramenya uwo barwana uwo ariwe, ndetse n’abanyamakuru ntibaremenya strategie, na ideologie ya politike ya opposition.
Hari amashyaka ariko nta ideologie ya opposition iriho kugirango abanyamakuru bamenye abo batumira abo aribo nibyo bifuza ko(1) abanyarwanda bumva, (2) n’amahanga yumva.
Reka tugaruke ku ingingo ebyiri zibanzweho muri icyo kiganiro:
Byavuzwe ko uRwanda rwishimiye ihagarikwa ubufaransa bwakoze kubyerekeye ubushakashatsi ku ihanurwa ry’indege ya Perezida Habyalimana.
Niba uRwanda rwishimiye ko iryo hagarikwa ribayeho, kandi urwo Rwanda arirwo rwavugaga ko ubufaransa bwafashije ” jenocide yakorewe abatutsi” ni izihe nyungu uRwanda rubifitemo? Na none  icyo twakwibaza : ni kuki abanyarwanda bamwe babyishimiye?
 None se ko atari abatutsi bishwe gusa ko hari nandi moko yishwe ndetse ko no muri iyo ndege haguyemo perezida w’uburundi, ubwo ayo moko ashobora kwishimira ihagarikwa ryakozwe n’abafaransa gute?
Niba rero uRwanda rwishimiye ibyemezo byafashwe n’abafaransa ni uko hari inyungu uRwanda rubifitemo zicyihishe na none n’abafaransa babifitemo inyungu. K’ubufaransa, nkuko Noble Marara yabivuze, niba abaturage babo barahawe indishi z’akababaro , byaba byerekana ko nibura abo baturage bumvishwe n’ubutegetsi bwabo, igitugu giturutse ku abaturage n’abafaransa kikaba kigabanyutse, sibyo gusa kuko ubufaransa ntibwifuza gukomeza guhangana n’uRwanda mu karere karimo ubukungu, cyane cyane ko uRwanda ruvuga ko ubufaransa bwakoreye jenocide abanyarwanda bo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi, kuba aribyo cyangwa atari byo ni ikindi kibazo.
 K’uruhari rw’uRwanda, siko bimeze kuko indege yaguyemo abantu benshi b’abanyarwanda harimo n’abaperezida babili, ariko rwo rushimishijwe nuko kumenya ibyerekeye iryo hanurwa ry’indege byahagarikwa, ndetse nubwo bwicanyi baregaga abafaransa ko bwibagiranwa nta nkurikizi. Bityo umuntu yakwemeza ko bitari mu inyungu z’abanyarwanda, kuko nta gisobanuro ubutegetsi bw’uRwanda bwahaye abaturage muri rusange, cyangwa ababuze abantu by’umwihariko, bikaba byerekana ko inyungu zaba ari iz’ubutegetsi bw’uRwanda , kuri Perezida Paul Kagame n’abamwe bo muri FPR.
Iyi myanzuro y’uRwanda yo kwishimira icyemezo cyafashwe n’ubufaransa k’ubwicanyi bwakorewe abanyarwanda yerekana imyifatire y’ubutabera ubutegetsi bwa  Paul Kagame na FPR bwagiye bakorera abanyarwanda kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi, inyungu z’ubutegetsi ziri ahandi, biragaragara ko ubutegetsi buzashirwaho n’abaturage aribwo buzishiriraho ubutabera ni babishobora.
Hari imitegekere myinshi mibi yaranzwe na buliya butegetsi bugitangira, aribwo abahutu benshi batangiranye nabwo bicwaga cangwa bakameneshwa, ntibyatinze nabo mu bwoko bw’abatutsi batangiye gucikishwa, kuva FPR yafata ubutegetsi ntabwo yashatse politike yo kubaka abanyarwanda, ariyo yo kubaka igihugu, kubaka igihugu si ariya mazu tubona za Kigali kuko hari nabayubaka ahandi, mu bindi bihugu, kubaka igihugu ni ukugera ku inshingano yuko abenegihugu biyumvamo igihugu no kugiharanira.
Aha rero siko bimeze mu Rwanda, kuko abahunga nabifuza guhunga kubera umutekano wabo mukeya ndetse n’inzara bitewe no kubuzwa uburyo ni benshi cyane k’uburyo umuntu yavuga ko FPR yananiwe kubaka abenegihugu, aribyo bivuze ko yananiwe kubaka igihugu.
Hari ikibazo gikomeye Noble Marara yavuzeho kijanye n’amashaka menshi ndetse n’imitwe ya gusirikari idashira hamwe
Iki kibazo natangiye kucyandikaho umwaka ushize , ahanini nicyo nkunda kugarukaho kuko tukiboneye igisubuzo no kubohoza igihugu byagira inzira.
Nubwo tumaze imyaka myinshi tuyoborwa y’ubutegetsi burenze ubwigitugu, ikibazo kinini kiri muri opposition, kuko ntiwamenya gahunda yayo.
Kubera amacakubili ari hagati y’imitwe ya gisirikari,  n’amacakubilu ari hagati y’amashaka, hari nabavuga bati FPR niyo nziza, cyane cyane iyo babona ntaho bibona muri ayo mashaka. Inzika abantu bari bafitanye mbere baracyazifite, ubu byanarushijeho kuko hari abagiye batandukana kandi baratangiliye hamwe.
Hari abavuga bati ntidukeneye kuvugana, icangombwa ni uko turwanya FPR umwe ku giti cye, nyamara ibyo nabyo haba harimo ibinyoma kuko buri wese agerageza kwikururira imbaraga kugirango arwanye ubutegetsi kurusha undi, muri buri nzira zose zijanye no kubohoza igihugu habonekamo kurwanyana cyangwa kurushanya, haba muri politike, diplomasi cyangwa kugira abayoboke benshi. Mbese amashaka akora nkaho afite ubutegetsi, bityo buri wese akora aganisha aho afite imbaraga yishira.
Niba ufite umutwe wa gisirikare ukaba udashaka kwicarana n’abandi bafite amashaka ni gute wateganya ko ayo mashaka azashigikira intambara kandi udashaka ko muyitegulira hamwe?
Ndibuka mbere yuko inkambi zo muri DRC zisenwa, hari abo mumashaka yariho icyo gihe bavugaga ko les ex far batera batatera ntacyo bibungura.
 Ni kimwe nuko hari abavugaga bati:
Kumbwira ko umuntu yakuja inyuma bitewe nuko uri umuhutu gusa ntibihagije.
 Ibi byose hari ababifata ko bitari byiza, gusa ikibazo ni impamvu byariho no kumenya ukuntu bitabaho. Kugirango bitere kubaho si ugutera ubwega ngo uriya ntiyashigikiye ingabo izi nizi, cyangwa ishaka iri niri ntiryumva umutwe uyu nuyu, inzira yose ni ugushikirana, kumvikana cyangwa kumvikanisha politike ufite.
Igihe cyose abafite imitwe ya gisirikare basuzugura abafite amashaka nta rugamba rwo gutsinda rubazaho, niyo uwo mutwe wazanatsinda, ntacyakwemeza ubu ko wazazana amahoro aramye n’isaranganya ry’ubutegetsi, kuko gusangira ibyo umuntu yatetse atakubyiye ngo umuzanire inkwi kandi akureba ntaho biba, arakugenera ntimusangira. Ninde rero uzemera kugenerwa k’umugati w’igihugu cye kandi ataranze gutanga umuganda? Erega na FPR iragenera ubu, ntabwo isangiza iragenera.
Ikindi kibazo cya kabiri ni ugusuzugurana hagati y’amashaka ubwayo, ibyo bituma muri opposition haba amahame atandukanye ya diplomatie, hari abavuga ngo bamwe bakoranye na FPR, abandi ni interahamwe, abandi bakorana na FPR n’aba DMI, ibyo nabyo bituma imbaraga zo muri opposition ziba nkeya kuko hari ibivugwa ariko bidafite ishingiro cyangwa bitagira aho bigeza uRwanda rwejo. Ahanini ibyo bibazo biba mu bantu bakoranye politike mbere ya za 1994.
Icyo nabwira abantu ni uko abanyarwanda batazabana bitewe nuko bakundana bazabana bitewe nuko bafite amategeko bagenderaho kandi biyumvamo bitewe nuko abarengera nk’abenegihugu.
No gufatanya kw’amashaka ni uko, ntabwo ari urukundo  cyangwa ikigongwe ishaka ryagilira irindi, ni ukubera imigambi abantu bahuriyeho yo kubageza ku inyungu z’igihugu bifuza kandi biyumvamo.
Ikibazo cya gatatu ni uko abantu bakeka ko ibyaha bashobora kuba barakoze byabakurikirana igihe ataribo babonye ubutegetsi.
Aha nizo mpamvu abantu baba bakwiye kwicyarana bakavugana ku bibazo nk’ibi, umuntu akamenya uko amategeko azaba ameze, kuvuga ko umuntu ari umwicanyi mu gihe ari muri opposition, sibyo byongera imbaraga ze zo gufasha abandi k’urugamba ruriho, kandi ahanini bikorwa bitewe n’amashali cyane cyane ko nta butabera abanyarwanda baribumvikanaho.
 Tugomba kumenya ko tuvuye mu duce twinshi twa politike zitandukanye ndetse n’ibihe bitandukanye, tukaba dushaka kubaka igihugu kigendera ku mategeko abo bose bakumvikanaho kandi bagenderaho.
Na kwibutsa abantu ko no kubabarirana bica m’ubutabera kandi so urukundo ni inshingano y’ubutegetsi kugirango hubakwe igihugu.
Kuvuga ngo umuntu yavuzeko habaye jenocide y’abatutsi, bityo akaba abaye igicibwa ku bahutu, undi yavuga ko habeyeho jenocide y’abahutu akaba abaye igicibwa ku batutsi byatugeza kuki?
None icyo gihe uRwanda rwasigaramo bande, ko nudafite icyaha yaba yararebereye abakora ibyaha ?
Biraruta ko abantu barebera hamwe ibyakubaka abanyarwanda, n’uRwanda nk’igihugu biyumvamo nta gukebera nta no gushaka guhisha ubwoko cyangwa kubutoteza.
Kubwerekeye amacakubili, Noble Marara yavuzeko abo baba bafite amashaka atandukanye umwe umwe afite nka 3%, 4% etc baba bari munsi y’ufite 25%, igihe cyose badashize hamwe, bityo ibyabo byo kurwanira ubutegetsi hagati yabo, niyo baba babubonye, byahungabanya uRwanda kurusha ufite 25% ariyo FPR , icyo mbona ni uko FPR yerekanye ko iri hejuru y’andi mashaka, yakoresheje igitugu, ariko yabigezeho, nubwo byarohetse abanyarwanda, nibura hanze bigaragara ko hari umutekano, ku bandi sinzi ko hari uwashobora ubusimba bwa FPR, bwo gukumira abanyarwanda hamwe, haba akaduruvayo, bikaba nka za Libiya, Somali etc. noneho na bwa butegetsi bw’igitugu bukabura. Ku mahanga, ibibera muri Libiya birutwa n’ibibera mu Rwanda, ibyo nabyo amahanga abikomozaho kuko diplomatie y’abanyarwanda ni amacakubili gusa, ico bahurizaho ni ukuvuga ko FPR ari mbi, ariko ntibahuliza k’ukuntu uRwanda rwejo bazarutegekera hamwe.
Abanyarwanda barikubira, bagira umururumba w’ubutegetsi, kandi nta na rimwe , no mu buzima busanzwe, umunyamururumba abona ko abogamiye abandi, no muri opposition kubera umururumba wo kwikanyiza ntibabona aho imbaraga zabo zagera bashize umugambi hamwe, buri wese yumva ko yishoboye cyangwa ko yakwiteba abandi bugaca basanze mpatsibihugu yamuhaye ubutegetsi, nizo mpamvu batinya guhura kandi bazi neza ko ntashaka rimwe ku giti cyaryo cyangwa umuntu ku giti cye wazana amahoro aramye.
 Kuri ibyo byerekeye gutatanya imbaraga, cyangwa kubura ugaragira abanyarwanda bo muri opposition, hari urugero natanga, aha birasobanura neza ingero Noble Marara yatanze:
 Umwaka ushize mu Bubiligi yabaye Rwanda day, Perezida Paul Kagame yaje kwakirwa n’abantu bagera ku bihumbi bitanu( 5.000), opposition yashoboye gushira hamwe hafi maganatanu(500), kandi abanyarwanda bari bashigikiwe n’abarundi n’abakongomani. Bivuze ko iyo ibyo bihugu byombi bitaza abanyarwanda bari kuba nka maganabili (200), uwo ni umubare twagiraga mu myigaragambyo muri za 1998 turi mu Budage. Ni ukuvuga ko no hanze, aho Paul Kagame yabasuye abarusha abayoboke . None se opposition ishaka gutegeka abanyarwanda ,ikaba ishaka gukuraho Paul Kagame, ikaba idashobora gushira hamwe nibura ibihumbi bibili 2000) bivuye Belgique, France, Hollande,  Angleterre, ahantu hari abanyarwanda barenga ibihumbi 100.000 , urumva iyo opposition idafite ikibazo?
Uretse nuko ntashaka rikomeye ryashira hamwe umubare ugaragara, nutwo dutoya ntabwo twumva akamaro ko gushira hamwe.
Ikindi kibazo cya nyuma nicyo kwihisha kw’amashaka nyarwanda. Bamwe bashizeho amashaka ariko ntibashaka kuyahesha ingufu no kwerekana ko abaho. Aha ntabwo nirengagije amabarwa MRCD , P5 zandika, gusa ahanini aba ari amabarwa yo kuvuga amabi ya FPR ntabwo aba ari amabarwa strategiques yerekana ko opposition ikomeye, ko iriho naho ishaka kuja.
Niba mubyibuka, ejo bundi hari ibarwa Perezida Nkurunziza yandikiye Perezida Museveni, nagize icyo nyivugaho ariko mbwira bamwe ko bakwiye  kuyandikaho bandikira Perezida Museveni, cyane cyane ko iyo barwa yakomozaga kuri opposition nyarwanda, kandi inavuga kuri politike yo mukarere, icyantagaje ni uko ari mu mashaka akomeye, ari mu matoya sinzi ko hari iyanditse. Ibyo amahirwe Dr Rudasingwa yabyanditseho, ntiyabisinye mu ishaka rye, ariko ibyo yanditse byashimishije abanyarwanda benshi, uretse nibyari bikubiye muri iyo nyandiko , Dr Rudasingwa ntiyarebye ibyerekeye amako, cyangwa amashaka (wenda wabona arizo mpamvu yanditse mu zina rye nk’umunyarwanda ukurikirana politike yo mukarere) yarebye inyungu zo mu karere, ndetse n’inyungu za opposition yose.
Sinshidikanya ko iyo iyo nyandiko yandikwa mu izina rya opposition nyarwanda yari kugira imbaraga kurushaho, cyangwa se iyo byandikwa n’umuntu uhagarariye opposition yose y’abanyarwanda, uretse na Perezida Museveni n’ibihugu byabonye copie byari kubona ko hari opposition ihagarariwe.
Nkeka ko ari muri ubwo buryo abantu bakwiye kurebera hamwe ibibazo bitureba, bakerekana ko bashobora gutegeka igihugu batakirwaniyemo,  kandi ko bafite imbaraga ko bakwiye gufashwa. Muri kamere ya muntu, umunyantege nke ntabwo afashwa, ibyo amashaka abimenye, igihe cyose bazerekana intege nke, ntawe uzabaha ubufatanye bwo gukuraho ubutegetsi buriho.
Uko iminsi igenda, niba abanyarwanda batinda gushira hamwe niko intambara itazashoboka, iyo urwanya uRwanda, uba urwanya ubutegetsi bwemewe n’amahanga , kandi ayo mahanga yashizemo umutungo, ubwo hagomba politike yereka amahanga ko ushaka ubutegetsi azarusha uriho, kandi hakerekanwa ko uwo yananiwe.
 Erega FPR nabo ni abanyarwanda, niba udashoboye kumvikana nabo musangiye ibibazo bya opposition ( niba koko aribyo) wakumvikana gute y’abanyarwanda bayobotse FPR ubu (intore) igihe wafashe ubutegetsi? None ni ikihe cyizere uha ako gatsiko ko utazagasubiza ishanga kandi nabi muri kumwe muticarana? Iri ni iturufu rya Paul Kagame nibura kuri diplomatie .
Ntabwo igikenewe ubu ari ukongera imfungwa cyangwa kongera impunzi, igikenewe ni uguhindura ubutegetsi buriho werekana ko uzazana ibyiza birutaho, ibyo ntibyashoboka abantu babeshanya, barwanyana, basuzugurana bafata kubohoza iguhgu nko kubohoza umunane wa base.
Inshingano ni ukunga abanyarwanda uko byashoboka kose, guhuza abanyarwanda ku inyungu zigomba kubaka igihugu, no kugiha ikindi cyerekezo abanyarwanda bakwiyumvamo ntawe uhejwe.
Opposition ikwiye kugira ingengabitekerzo igaragara kandi yumvwa n’amahanga. Igikenewe ni agaciro, imbaraga z’ibitekerzo muri opposition itajegajega  iri inyuma y’ibyo bitekerezo.
Mugire Noheli nziza, ubunane bwiza, 2019 izatubera uw’amata n’ubuki. Demokarasi izatahe i Rwanda.
Dr Ngiruwonsanga Tharcisse