Ni ikibazo buri wese yasubiza ukwe bitewe n’imfuruka akireberamo. Amabanki avuga ko ayo mafaranga akwiye, BNR igasa n’ibyumva ityo na yo, mu gihe abaturage bijujuta.

Abantu batonze imirongo bakeneye serivisi muri Banki ya Kigali (Ifoto/Ububiko)

Banki zitandukanye zashyizeho uburyo bwo kwishyuza amafaranga y’inyongera abishyura imisoro cyangwa amahoro badafite konti muri iyo banki.

Ayo mafaranga banki zivuga ko ari ayo kwishyura abakozi bakira imisoro n’impapuro na wino bikoreshwa, ariko abaturage bakayita menshi bakibaza ibishingirwaho mu kugena ingano yayo ndetse bakavuga ko atari bo bagakwiye kuyacibwa.

Ingano y’ayo mafaranga itandukana bitewe na banki, nka BK ica 500, BPR igaca 2000 mu gihe hari na banki nka I&M Bank ivuga ko idaca n’igiceri cy’atanu waba ufite konti iwabo cyangwa utayifite.

Nko muri BPR, niba kubona icyangombwa runaka bisaba kwishyura kuri konti y’Ikigo cy’Imisoro n’Amahoro (RRA) amafaranga 500, ugomba kugenda witwaje 2500.

Ku mbuga nkoranyambaga, iyi ni ingingo itangwaho ibitekerezo bitandukanye, bamwe bavuga ko banki igomba kwishyuza serivisi itanga, abandi bakabyita ‘ubujura ndengakamere’.

Diane Mimi Umulisa ati “Twese turayatanga byarayoberanye nanjye nabuze aho mbariza.” Ni igitekerezo asangiye na Rukizangabo Shami Aloys uvuga ko ari “ubujura udafite uko wagenza.”

Rusine Pascal Habaguhirwa we ariko, afite ibitekerezo bitandukanye n’ibyabo. Ni umukozi muri kimwe mu bigo by’imari iciriritse bikorera mu Karere ka Rulindo mu Ntara y’Amajyaruguru.

Aragira ati “Imicungire ya konti iratandukanye cyane, nk’ubu banki igira logiciel yihariye yakiriramo imisoro kandi irayigura kandi RRA ntiyishyura, ahubwo ikibazo mujye mukibaza RRA kuko ni yo igomba kwishyura iyo serivisi ntimukakibaze banki.”

Ibivugwa na Rusine bishimangirwa n’abayobozi bo mu mabanki atandukanye baganiriye n’Izubarirashe.rw bavuga ko batumva ukuntu kwishyuza serivisi watanze byakwitwa ubujura.

Thierry Nshuti uyobora Ishami ry’Ubucuruzi muri Banki ya Kigali (BK) avuga ko serivisi yo kwakira imisoro yari ubuntu ku basora bose, biza guhinduka kubera ikoranabuhanga rishya ryaje.

Ubu ngo iyo banki yakiriye imisoro ihita inayinjiza muri logiciel ijyanye n’imisoro, ku buryo nyuma yo gusora umuntu adakenera kujyana inyemezabwishyu kuri RRA kuyibwira ko yasoze.

Avuga ko gushyira amafaranga kuri konti ya RRA nk’uko byahoze kera bitishyurwa, ariko ko kwinjiza ayo mafaranga muri system y’imisoro ya RRA byo bisaba ubundi bushobozi.

Nshuti Thierry Ushinzwe ibikorwa byo kwamamaza muri Banki ya Kigali

Kuki amafaranga yo kwinjiza imisoro n’amahoro mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho banki ihuriyeho na RRA yishyuzwa umuturage aho kuba nyiri konti ari we RRA? Aha ni ho ruzingiye.

Nshuti ati “Banki ibikorera ubuntu abakiliya bayo kugira ngo ibanezeze, ariko umuntu utari umukiliya wacu aje tukamuha iyo serivisi ku buntu twaba turimo duhomba.”

Yunzemo ati “Tugira abakozi bakira imisoro, abo bakozi ba banki barahembwa, hakaba n’impapuro na wino (ink) kandi ntabwo ayo mafaranga RRA yemera kuyadusubiza.”

Gusa hari abahuza kuba abaturage ari bo bacibwa ayo mafaranga no kuba insina ngufi ari yo icibwaho urukoma, bakavuga ko bitumvikana ukuntu umuntu yishyura umusoro akishyura na serivisi yo kuwakira.

Jean Confiance Aimé ati “Iki kibazo cyabaye agateranzamba pe kuko kuba umuntu yakwishyura umutungo utari uwe, ubundi ntibiba byemewe na gato, ahubwo nk’ubu wazakitubariza Rwangombwa na Gatete impamvu badategeka RRA kwiyishyurira ayo gucunga imitungo yayo.”

Samuel Ndayishimye yunga mu rya Confiance, akavuga ko amafaranga acibwa kuri iyo serivisi ari umurengera. Ati “Iyo serivisi irahenze ni na yo mpamvu kubyumva bigoye. Kwishyura umusoro wa 500 bakaguca 2000 ntabwo byumvikana, ntabwo baba bakwiye kurenza 5% niba koko bakwiye kwishyuza iyo serivisi.”

Ayo mafaranga abaturage bita umurengera, BPR ica ibihumbi 2 ivuga ko iyakoresha mu kwishyura abakozi bakira imisoro n’ibindi byangombwa ikenera mu kwakira imisoro.

BPR yabwiye Izuba Rirashe.rw iti “Ku musoreshwa udafite konti muri BPR impapuro zikoreshwa ziriyongera, ndetse ugasanga uwo munsi abantu bakeneye serivisi za guichet biyongereye.”

Ibajijwe impamvu ikiguzi cy’iyo serivisi gisabwa utanga umusoro aho kuba uwuhabwa (RRA), BPR yavuze ko ibyo bidashoboka, iti “Umusoreshwa ni we uba ugomba kwishyura amafaranga yuzuye y’umusoro we hatavuyeho na rimwe akaba rero ari inshigano z’umusoreshwa kwishyurira ikiguzi kijyanye n’umusoro yishyura.”

Mu gihe amabanki avuga ko aca bene ayo mafaranga abaturage kubera RRA itemera kuyishyura, RRA yo yirinze kugira byinshi ibwira Izubarirashe.rw kuri iki kibazo, ivuga ko kireba amabanki.

Komiseri Wungirije ushinzwe Abasora akaba n’Umuvugizi wa RRA, Mukashyaka Drocelle, yagize ati “Icyo kibazo ni ngombwa kukivugana na banki kuko izo ni serivisi za banki, ntabwo ari ukubera ko ari konte yacu bayaverisaho, ni yo mpamvu nkubwira ko icyo ari ikibazo cya banki kubera ko inzego zose zavuganye na banki bababwira y’uko ari service charge (ikiguzi cya serivisi batanga).”

BNR ibivugaho iki?

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) isaba abaturage kumva ko kuvuga ko igenzura imikorere y’amabanki bidasobanuye ko iyategeka ingano y’amafaranga acibwa kuri serivisi runaka.

Umuyobozi w’ishami rishinzwe kugenzura amabanki muri BNR, Francoise Makumi, avuga ko amafaranga banki zica nk’inyungu ku nguzanyo n’aya abaturage bitotombera, ari icyemezo banki ifata ku giti cyayo, BNR icyo ikora ngo ni ukureba niba ayo mafaranga ari ngombwa gusa.

Kuba ayo mafaranga amaze imyaka acibwa bisobanuye ko BNR yarebye igasanga ari ngombwa? Makumi yasubije iki kibazo yifashishije urugero rwa BK.

Ati “Ndabyibuka iyo byabaga ari igihe cyo kwishyura imisoro, iyo wajyaga kuri BK ntiwabonaga aho ukandagira, abaturage bati turajya kurihira aha ngaha, noneho amabanki ati mujye kurihira n’ahandi hantu.”

Kuki banki itifuza kwakira imisoro myinshi nk’uko yifuza kwakira andi mafaranga? Makumi asobanura ko banki zigenda biguru ntege mu kwakira imisoro kuko zitabasha kuyicuruza.

Mu gihe amafaranga y’abandi bantu ashobora kumara igihe kuri konti, aya RRA yo ngo ntashobora kumaraho n’icyumweru, bityo ubwinshi bwayo ugasanga banki itabwungukiramo.

Makumi ati “Banki iravuga iti ‘twari dufite abakozi 10 dukoresha none abantu buzuye iwacu’ kandi amafaranga bazana ntabwo ari amafaranga banki iri bukoreshe, ni nka serivisi iha Rwanda Revenue (RRA) noneho igakora ukuntu idahomba. Buriya amafaranga asanzwe y’umuturage hari ubwo amaraho amezi, ku buryo banki iyacuruza, ariko aya RRA yo niba aje ashobora guhita ajya mu bindi bikorwa, ni bo bareba igihe bazayamarana, ibyo rero ni ibyabo (bank), ni bo bareba bati ‘aya ni amafaranga atinda iwacu, ni amafaranga yihuta’. Ni imibare banki ikora, aya RRA ashobora kuza akamara iminsi ibiri, itatu ariko ntamare icyumweru, ni miliyari zingahe zije ariko ntizitinde iwawe (kuri banki).”

Avuga ko mu gihe amafaranga y’abandi bantu ku giti cyabo cyangwa ay’ibigo ashobora kuba kuri konti igihe kirekire banki ikayacuruza ikunguka, aya RRA yo adashobora kumaraho iminsi itatu, bityo banki ikabona kwakira amajana n’amajana y’abishyura imisoro kandi ikiguzi ikoresha mu kubakira kitishyurwa na RRA byayigusha mu gihombo.”

Avuga ko kuri ibi hiyongeraho ko uko abagana banki baba benshi bituma inakenera interineti nyinshi ngo ibashe kubaha serivisi, ibyo byose bikaba ari ibintu banki yishyura.

Avuga ariko ko BNR igiye kureba niba ayo mafaranga hari ukuntu yavaho cyangwa akagabanywa, agasaba abaturage ko mu gihe ibyo bitarakorwa bakomeza kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga kuko ritanga uburyo bwo kwishyura imisoro kandi budahenze nka banki.

Ati “Ubu ushobora kwishyura umusoro ku Irembo, kuri interineti, mutubwirire abaturage, kuki yumva agomba gutonda umurongo? Harimo n’ibyo bashyizeho ngo bace intege ba bantu baza bikoreye ibifurumba by’amafaranga.”

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) isaba abaturage kumva ko kuvuga ko igenzura imikorere y’amabanki bidasobanuye ko iyategeka ingano y’amafaranga acibwa kuri serivisi runaka

Mu gihe BK na BPR zivuga ko ziramutse zidakase abasoreshwa ayo mafaranga zahomba, ndetse BNR igasa n’ibyemeza ityo na yo, I&M Bank yo ivuga ko ntayo ica kandi ngo ntihomba.

Umukozi ushinzwe itumanaho muri iyi banki yabwiye Izubarirashe.rw ati “Muri I&M Bank ntabyo tugira, twebwe iyo uje kubitsa amafaranga iwacu ntabwo tugira izo charges, yaba afite konti iwacu yaba ntayo afite nta mafaranga duca. Hari banki ziyaca ariko ntabwo ari zose, hari banki zibikora kugira ngo zimotive (zishishikarize) abantu gufungura konti muri izo banki ariko muri I&B Bank nta bihari kandi ntabwo duhomba kuko iyo ufite konti y’umuntu ubitsaho amafaranga, kuba babitsa amafaranga kuri konti y’umuntu muri bank yawe ni ukuvuga ko deposit ziyongera kandi icyo ni ikintu cyiza kuri banki.”

Impuguke zibivugaho iki?

Umusesenguzi w’ibijyanye n’ubukungu Teddy Kaberuka ashimangira ko ubundi umuturage yakagombye kuba yishyuzwa amafaranga angana n’umusoro Leta yamuciye gusa.

Avuga ko Leta na banki bakagombye kuba bareba ahandi bakura amafaranga ahemba abakozi ba banki bakira imisoro n’ibindi bikenerwa, aho kugira ngo byishyuzwe umuturage.

Ati “Harimo uruhare rwa Banki y’Igihugu (BNR) igenzura amikorere y’amabanki, hakarebwa n’ikoranabuhanga ryakoreshwa ngo imisoro yishyurwe ntawe ubangamiwe, ariko uko byagenda kose umuturage si we ugomba kubipfiramo.”

Uyu mugabo avuga ko binabaye ngombwa ko umusoreshwa ari we wishyura ayo mafaranga, bitumvikana ukuntu buri banki yaca ayo ishaka, akavuga ko na byo BNR ikwiye kubirebaho.

Ati “Hagomba kubaho inyigo bakareba ngo ishoramari banki ikora ngo yakire imisoro ringana rite. Ikiba kigamijwe ni ukugira ngo niba hari ikiguzi kibe gito bishoboka. Ntabwo byumvikana ukuntu wakwishyura banki amafaranga aruta ayo wishyuye serivisi ya Leta, ukajya kwishyura icyangombwa cy’umwana cyangwa notification ukishyura ibihumbi 2 bya banki mu gihe serivisi ya Leta wayishyuye 500!”

Nka BPR ica amafaranga 2000, ifite amashami 191, kandi ivuga ko mu gihe cyo kwishyura imisoro hari ubwo yakira abasaga 500 ku munsi ku mashami amwe n’amwe bishyura umusoro.

Twakeneye kumenya ikigereranyo cy’abaza kwishyura imisoro muri BPR badafitemo konti, iyi banki itubwira ko idafite imibare neza, ariko muri abo 500 haramutse harimo nka 200 badafitemo konti ubwo banki yaba ibakuramo amafaranga miliyoni ku munsi.

Ushatse kumenya ayo BPR ikura mu bantu nk’abo mu gihugu hose ku munsi, ubwo wafata amafaranga miliyoni ugakuba n’umubare w’amashami ifite (191), ahwanye na miliyoni 191.